قرائت› دفتر ۲› بخش ۵۲ - گفتن شیخ ابویزید را کی کعبه منم گرد من طوافی میکن› بیت ۲۲۱۸
M2:2218 — سوی مکه شیخ امت بایزید / از برای حج و عمره میدوید
M2:2218
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The great Sufi master Bayazid of Bistam was traveling with haste toward Mecca to perform the major and minor pilgrimages.
This couplet opens a well-known story about the Sufi saint Abu Yazid al-Bistami (Bayazid). Rumi presents him as a paragon of spiritual authority—the Shaykh-e Ummat (master of the community)—undertaking the most revered ritual journey in Islam. The verb mī-davīd (was running/hurrying) conveys not just travel, but an intense, goal-oriented spiritual striving.
However, this opening sets up a dramatic reversal. The story's title, "The Shaykh Abu Yazid being told, 'I am the Kaʿba; circumambulate me,'" signals that Bayazid's conventional pilgrimage will be interrupted. The subsequent verses immediately pivot from the physical journey to Mecca to Bayazid's deeper practice: in every town, his first priority was to seek out a true 'Man of God.'
Rumi uses this narrative to subordinate the outward, geographical pilgrimage to the inward, human one. The physical Kaʿba in Mecca is a symbol, a destination of stone. The true destination, Rumi argues, is the perfected human being, the 'living Kaʿba,' whose heart reflects the divine presence. Bayazid's journey, therefore, begins as a conventional act of piety but becomes a lesson in distinguishing form from essence, ritual from reality.
- شیخ امت
- Shaykh-e Ummat (Ar./Pers.): 'The Master/Elder of the Community.' A title of great reverence for a spiritual leader, implying he is a guide for the entire Muslim community (ummah) of his time.
- بایزید
- Bāyazīd: Abu Yazid al-Bistami (d. 874 CE), one of the most influential and radical of the early Persian Sufi mystics, famous for his ecstatic utterances (shaṭḥīyāt).
- حج
- Ḥajj (Ar.): The major Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, one of the five pillars of Islam, obligatory for all able-bodied Muslims to perform at least once in their lifetime.
- عمره
- ʿUmrah (Ar.): The 'minor pilgrimage' to Mecca, which can be undertaken at any time of the year. It is a recommended but not obligatory ritual.
گفتگو — دربارهٔ این بیت بپرس — پاسخ از دل مثنوی، با ارجاع به ابیات
گفتگوی تو تا وقتی عمومیاش نکنی، فقط روی همین دستگاه میماند.
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