Leer› Libro 1› Sobre el dicho: 'Las mujeres dominan al sabio, y el ignorante las domina a ellas'› Verso 2440
M1:2440 — گفت پیغامبر که زن بر عاقلان / غالب آید سخت و بر صاحبدلان
M1:2440
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这句诗引述了一段圣训,意指女性的柔情与魅力能够征服那些理智聪慧、灵性高深之人。
这句诗开启了鲁米对一段著名圣训的阐释:“她们(女性)征服智者,而无知者征服她们。”鲁米在此强调的是第一部分:女性的力量在于她们能够战胜“智者”(عاقلان)和“有心之人”(صاحبدلان)。
在鲁米的语境中,“智者”不仅指世俗的聪明人,更指向那些依靠理性和知识行事的人。而“有心之人”则是指苏菲修行者,他们心灵开放,情感细腻,能感知到神圣的爱。女性的魅力与柔情之所以能战胜这两类人,是因为她们的特质——如鲁米在后面诗句中提到的“柔情、仁爱、慈悲”(رقت و لطف و وداد)——本质上是神圣属性的反映。因此,当一个智者或修行者面对女性时,他所感受到的吸引力,实际上是对神圣之美的回应。他并非被欲望蒙蔽,而是因着自身的敏感与智慧,辨认出那份源自神性的光辉,并心甘情愿地为之“折服”。
这并非贬低女性或男性,而是将两性间的吸引力提升至一个形而上的层面。鲁米认为,真正的智者和圣徒之所以会被“征服”,是因为他们足够敏锐,能够透过女性这个“受造物”(مخلوق)看见背后“造物主”(خالق)的光芒。相反,那些粗暴、缺乏柔情的“无知者”(جاهلان),由于其“兽性”(حیوانی)压倒了“人性”(انسانی),无法感知这种神圣之美,反而会用强硬手段去压制女性。
- صاحبدلان
- “有心之人”的复数形式。在苏菲术语中,指那些心灵觉醒、情感丰富、能感知精微实相的圣徒或修行者。他们的心是神圣知识与爱的容器。
- عاقلان
- “智者”的复数形式。指拥有理性、智慧和辨别力的人。在此上下文中,特指那些依靠理智而非纯粹兽性本能行事的人。
- غالب آید
- 动词短语,意为“变得占优势”、“征服”或“战胜”。
- پیغامبر
- “信使”、“先知”,此处特指伊斯兰教的先知穆罕默德。
This couplet states that, according to the Prophet Muhammad, women have a powerful influence and often prevail over men who are wise and spiritually discerning.
This beyt introduces a profound paradox in Rumi's discussion of gender dynamics, drawing on a prophetic tradition. It suggests that women's influence is particularly strong over those who possess wisdom (ʿāqilān) and spiritual insight (ṣāḥib-dilān). The subsequent couplets (M1:2441–2443) clarify this by contrasting the 'wise' with the 'ignorant' (jāhilān). While the ignorant might try to dominate women through harshness and animalistic urges (anger and lust), the truly wise and spiritually refined are more susceptible to women's sway because they embody 'tenderness, grace, and affection' (M1:2442–2443), which are described as human qualities, unlike the animalistic traits of aggression. Thus, the 'prevailing' here is not about subjugation but about a profound influence rooted in the very human capacity for love and empathy, qualities that women are seen to evoke strongly in the wise.
- پیغامبر
- Prophet (specifically, Prophet Muhammad)
- عاقلان
- The wise ones; those possessing intellect and reason
- غالب آید
- Prevails, overcomes, has mastery over
- صاحبدلان
- People of heart; those with spiritual insight, inner awareness, or deep feeling
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