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M4:62 — ماتمی در جان او افتد از آن / صد چنین ادبارها دارد عوان
M4:62
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The cruel official, by nature, grieves when others find happiness and rejoices at their misfortune, which is itself a profound spiritual affliction.
This couplet describes the inner state of the cruel official (ʿavān), the character type of the night watchman from whom the lover fled. The lover, now united with his beloved, is praying for this official, but Rumi pauses to diagnose the man's spiritual sickness.
The official's defining trait is that he thrives on the suffering of others. When he hears that the king has shown mercy and pardoned people (the preceding verses), it's not a relief to him; it is a source of grief. A "mourning falls upon his soul" because good news for others is bad news for him. This perverse reaction is his real calamity.
Rumi labels this state as one of many "misfortunes" (adbārhā) that afflict such a person. The official's external power and harshness mask a deep inner poverty and spiritual disease. His soul is so inverted that he experiences joy as sorrow and sorrow as joy, a condition that Rumi sees as a profound and pitiable form of suffering.
- ماتم
- Mātam: Mourning, grief, lamentation. Here it signifies a deep, soul-level sorrow.
- ادبار
- Idbār: Misfortune, adversity, a turning away of good fortune. It is the direct opposite of iqbāl (good fortune, success). The plural form ادبارها (idbārhā) is used here.
- عوان
- ʿAvān: A tyrant's aide, an oppressive agent, a cruel official or guard. In this story, it is used interchangeably with عسس (ʿasas), the night watchman.
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